Courtesy: ISO 9506 Industrial automation system The development of the electronic amplifier during the 1920s, which was important for long-distance telephony, required a higher signal-to-noise ratio, which was solved by negative feedback noise cancellation. This and other telephony applications contributed to the control theory. In the 1940s and 1950s, German mathematician Irmgard Flügge-Lotz developed the theory of […]
Tag Archives: deming cert
Courtesy: ISO 9506 Industrial automation system Solenoid valves are widely used on compressed air or hydraulic fluid for powering actuators on mechanical components. While motors are used to supply continuous rotary motion, actuators are typically a better choice for intermittently creating a limited range of movement for a mechanical component, such as moving various mechanical arms, opening or closing valves, raising heavy press-rolls, applying pressure to presses. Computer […]
Courtesy: ISO 9506 Industrial automation system Open-loop and closed-loop (feedback) control Fundamentally, there are two types of control loops: open-loop control, and closed-loop control. In open-loop control, the control action from the controller is independent of the “process output” (or “controlled process variable”). A good example of this is a central heating boiler controlled only by a […]
Courtesy: ISO 9506 Industrial Automation system Automation describes a wide range of technologies that reduce human intervention in processes, namely by predetermining decision criteria, subprocess relationships, and related actions, as well as embodying those predeterminations in machines. Automation has been achieved by various means including mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, electronic devices, and computers, usually in combination. Complicated systems, such as modern factories, airplanes, and […]
Courtesy: ISO 9001lead auditor training Audit project selection or “annual audit plan” Based on the risk assessment of the organization, internal auditors, management and oversight boards determine where to focus internal auditing efforts. This focus or prioritization is part of the annual/ multi-year annual audit plan. The audit plan is typically proposed by the CAE (sometimes with several options or […]
Courtesy: ISO 9001 lead auditor training Under the COSO enterprise risk management (ERM) Framework, an organization’s strategy, operations, reporting, and compliance objectives all have associated strategic business risks – the negative outcomes resulting from internal and external events that inhibit the organization’s ability to achieve its objectives. Management assesses risk as part of the ordinary course of business […]
Courtesy: ISO 9001 Lead auditor training The required organizational independence from management enables unrestricted evaluation of management activities and personnel and allows internal auditors to perform their role effectively. Although internal auditors are part of company management and paid by the company, the primary customer of internal audit activity is the entity charged with oversight of management’s activities. This is typically the audit committee, a sub-committee of the board […]
Courtesy: ISO 9001 Lead auditor training program The Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) is the recognized international standard setting body for the internal audit profession and awards the Certified Internal Auditor designation internationally through rigorous written examination. Other designations are available in certain countries. In the United States the professional standards of the Institute of Internal Auditors have […]
Courtesy: ISO 9001 lead auditor training program The International Register of Certificated Auditors (IRCA) was formed in London in 1984 as part of the British government’s enterprise initiative, designed to make industry and business more competitive through the implementation of quality principles and practices. Over 30,000 auditors have been awarded professional certification since 1984 and more than 120 countries are represented on the IRCA register. Every year, […]
courtesy: ISO 9001 Lead Auditor training program Most publicly traded corporations typically have an internal auditing department, led by a chief audit executive (“CAE”), with lead internal auditors managing small teams of internal auditors for one audit engagement. Lead auditor is a position between senior auditor and head of division. In public accounting firms, a lead auditor for an audit engagement is usually chosen from among the senior auditors. […]