Development of fair trade cottonFLO works with a guaranteed minimum price for producers that varies according tothe production context of each country. In West Africa, the minimum price was fixedat FCFA 238 per kg of seed cotton (EUR 0.36 per kg; i.e. USD 0.43 per kg, or USD0.20 per pound), which is well above the […]
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The European Union (EU regulation 2092/91),2the United States (NOP)3and Japan(JAS), among others, protect the use of the word ‘organic’ on food and processedfood for sale. These regulations apply to products deriving from agriculture andanimal husbandry, but not to products like fish or to non-food items such as cottonproducts. There are thus no particular legal requirements […]
The aim of the Global Organic Textile Standard (GOTS) is to define requirements to ensure organic status of textiles, from harvesting of the raw materials, through environmentally and socially responsible manufacturing up to labeling in order to provide a credible assurance to the end consumer. GOTS is recognized as the world’s leading processing standard for […]
Organic clothing is clothing made from materials raised in or grown in compliance with organic agricultural standards. Organic clothing may be composed of Cotton, Jute, Linen, Silk, Ramie, or Wool. In the United States, textiles do not need to be 100% organic to use the organic label. A more general term is organic textiles, which includes both apparel and home textiles. The technical requirements in terms […]
A customs union is generally defined as a type of trade bloc which is composed of a free trade area with a common external tariff. Customs unions are established through trade pacts where the participant countries set up common external trade policy (in some cases they use different import quotas). Common competition policy is also helpful to avoid competition deficiency. Purposes for establishing a customs union normally include increasing economic efficiency and establishing […]
Supply chain security refers to efforts to enhance the safety of the supply chain,combining traditional practices of supply chain management with security requirementsaddressing a host of threats such as natural disasters, accidents, or even maliciousattacks like terrorism, piracy, and theft. Any of these hazards can result in long delays,especially at the border, and can play […]
In direct response to 9/11, the US Customs Service, now U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) challenged the trade community to partner with CBP to design a new approach to supply chain security focused on protecting the United States against acts of terrorism by improving security while simultaneously speeding the flow of compliant cargo and […]
C-TPAT (Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism) is a voluntary public-private sector supply chain security program led by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). Through this program, CBP works with the trade community to strengthen international supply chains and improve United States border security. CBP can provide the highest level of cargo security only through close cooperation with the […]
Customs Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (CTPAT) is but one layer in U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s (CBP) multi-layered cargo enforcement strategy. Through this program, CBP works with the trade community to strengthen international supply chains and improve United States border security. CTPAT is a voluntary public-private sector partnership program which recognizes that CBP can provide […]
The Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT) is a voluntary supply-chain security program led by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) focused on improving the security of private companies’ supply chains with respect to terrorism. The program was launched in November 2001 with seven initial participants, all large U.S. companies. As of December 1, 2014, the program had 10,854 members. The 4,315 importers […]